Marketing Limited Capital Resources Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing Limited Capital Resources - Term Paper Example This is about marketing the company products through an efficient distribution channel. Indeed, the associated retailers, whole sellers, distributors, direct selling agents and business partners would personally influence their customers separately so that sales objectives could be accomplished. In simple words, the company’s marketers have to endorse this R&D through effective Push marketing of these tea brands. Promotional techniques such as free sachets, boxes of teabags, free cups of tea at densely populated public places taste, gift hampers etc. should be used to enhance brand awareness and recognition. Sales incentives such as discounts on bulk buying, periodic purchase schemes, commission on additional sales etc. should also be disbursed among distribution channel members so that they would use Push Marketing strategy to attain desired outcomes and accomplish sales targets. Customers will welcome innovated and differentiated tea products in top quality packaging with excellent taste. Once, they become satisfied with the trial or introductory packs, they will start switching from existing tea products to Newfoundland’s Bentley brand. In addition, the satisfying and happy customers will also increase awareness in their social networks, which will, of course, be called ‘marketing for free’. Indeed, the research has shown that peers may influence the buying behavior.   Ã‚   The launch of new tea flavors and seasonal blends may attract new segments, especially, customers from elite, upper – middle and lower – middle households with relatively high purchasing power. Also, consumers from these classes usually do not compromise over taste and quality, convenience, comfort etc. as well as they endorse the new ideas and innovations. The long-run benefits of this strategy in terms of value and relationship building will be higher because this will certainly help increase market share and future expansion.

Types of Surveys Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Types of Surveys - Essay Example 32. Dole Pineapple, Inc., is concerned that the 16-ounce can of sliced pineapple is being overfilled. Assume the standard deviation of the process is .03 ounces. The quality control department took a random sample of 50 cans and found that the arithmetic mean weight was 16.05 ounces. At the 5 percent level of significance, can we conclude that the mean weight is greater than 16 ounces? Determine the p-value. 38. A recent article in The Wall Street Journal reported that the 30-year mortgage rate is now less than 6 percent. A sample of eight small banks in the Midwest revealed the following 30-year rates (in percent): As the p – value is greater than 0.01, the null hypothesis can be accepted. Hence it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in the mean number of times men and women take – out dinners in a month. 46. Grand Strand Family Medical Center is specifically set up to treat minor medical emergencies for visitors to the Myrtle Beach area. There are two facilities, one in the Little River Area and the other in Murrells Inlet. The Quality Assurance Department wishes to compare the mean waiting time for patients at the two locations. Samples of the waiting times, reported in minutes, follow: 52. The president of the American Insurance Institute wants to compare the yearly costs of auto insurance offered by two leading companies. He selects a sample of 15 families, some with only a single insured driver, others with several teenage drivers, and pays each family a stipend to contact the two companies and ask for a price quote. To make the data comparable, certain features, such as the deductible amount and limits of liability, are standardized. The sample information is reported below. At the .10 significance level, can we conclude that there is a difference in the amounts quoted? 23. A real estate agent in the coastal area of

International Trade Unions 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International Trade Unions 2 - Assignment Example Trade Union executive realized that they were legally responsible to imprisonment and prosecution for bona fide union actions, and it felt that some legislation for the safeguard of trade union was essential. The Indian government found it necessary for the protection and registration of trade unions. The act (Indian trade union 1926) sets rules for both the industrialists and the workers. The Act deals with the registration of trade unions, their liabilities, responsibilities and their rights to ensure that their funds managed properly. This is done through annual submission of the report on their expenditure, income, and membership to the ministry of labor and employment. Impacts of trade unions on export Trade unions negotiated for implementation of taxes policies to all tariffs where they argued that, the workforce was behind all the economical benefit realized and increased exports, in the manufacturing industries. The objective of any baseline was to work out the sectoral techn ological development fitting with the working people and GDP projections, which will then be kept unaffected for all simulations. Harmonization of employee’s salaries and working conditions lead, to improvement of the productivity of the goods and services produced in these sectors. The industrial sector, wholly measured similar significance for the two economies (India, & India2007). The Production moved towards manufacturing sectors wearing apparel sector, the textile, and leather. As a result, efficiency increased in exports rates in china does market linearization? Indian exports represent $ 77 billion spreading mainly on Industry and Textile goods (20%), manufactures (48%). Where the biggest share comes from manufacturers, and the major export market for Indian exports? EU are intense mainly on the manufacturing sector is worth noticing that in general evolutions of welfare are to a certain extent small in this situation, as it is common with this kind of models. This is mainly due to the choice to ignore the outcome of liberalization on efficiency and good organization. Countries sharing of trade union policies and markets, export efficiency would increase as a consequence of a bilateral agreement. This because there will be minimal sabotages and strikes on the sector. Impacts of trade union on employee’s grievances Trade unions not only act as a system to give voice to employee problems and grievances before management, but they also are fairly concerned in welfare trial for workers, and in improving the value for their life work; all such procedures may be placed under ancillary functions of unions.( Carr,2010). They actively take part in negotiations with management at different levels concerning safety, working conditions, and various other worker-related issues. Through these unions, the workers were able to get annual seminars related to their job to enhance their productivity. The issues of educating their families they got reorganiz ed fee structures for their children education in the schools of their township. Salary / wages decisions, considerations concerning dual pension on the ratio they will receive and the duration it will take after their retirement period. Improvement of information conveying to

NO TITLE NEEDED Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

NO TITLE NEEDED - Essay Example Once the diet of the children is not checked, it will result to health problems such as obesity, marasmus,and kwashikor among other nutritional disorders. Nutritional disorders eventually affect the life of the individuals as they will results to body failures and disadvantaged characters (Zoumbaris and Sharon 67). With the help of the various nutritional organizations such as the National Research Council will make it much easier in facilitating the ideas of diet checkup. The government through the campaign propelled by the first lady will be able to reach the many individuals within the different states in the country. Raising the nutritional status of the American citizens is in the rise to promote nutritional suitability for a healthy life. With the support of the nutritional companies, Michelle Obama will be able to reach his target of promoting a healthier eating among the Americans by advocating against taking of junky and fatty foods. The foods tend to be less nutritional henceforth being discouraged from taking them. They also tend to be more likely to cause diseases that might be terminal such as cancer. Excessive taking of the junky foods may also cause nutritional diseases such

Assignment 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Assignment 5 - Essay Example These terms are known to be objective and not subjective. From this, what it means is that the doctor knows more about what the patient is feeling than the patient themselves (Norman, 2004). According to Norman, the world today needs to consider the subjective points of view and not depend so much on the expert opinions. This is ironical since most of the subjective views always come from those affected. E.g. a computer scientist would not know the kind of interface that various groups of people may want without getting their opinion on such. We have to get a more subjective point of view so as to adapt to the explorations that are available today in terms of usability. For example, computer scientist cannot completely ignore user’s subjective views as they are the final people who will use their product. For example if a computer engineer wants to come up with a new hardware, they have to study the needs of the common man and understand what they need. If computer engineers n ever thought subjectively then they would end up building products that are complex and few users would be able to use the products (Norman, 2004). Norman also believes that we have different points of observation. Every user has a way in which they see different things; a professional might see something in a more complicated way as opposed to the non technical manner that a less experienced user might see it. It is for this reason that people can have their own observation and opinions on different matters. Scientist therefore needs to leave the positivism idea and learn to accept some of the subjective opinions. From this observation, it is evident that even though scientist only believe in the objective tone, much of the subjective tone is necessary if they want to understand what people want. Otherwise they would be making products for themselves. 2 Philosophy is described as the study of reality, knowledge and existence. Most people tend to associate philosophy with books and theories that try to explain fundamental laws in physics and nothing that touch our daily lives. Philosophy has been there for thousands of years and various philosophers have existed and have been able to explain the various things that touch our lives. Just like philosophy has touched and influenced a lot of people and life, the IPod has been a great tool in influencing the lives of millions of people. The iPod is transforming the lives of millions of people every day and making them get new ideas within a click. People are listening to music of their taste and others reading social links and contributing a lot to the economy. However, have we ever taken time t o try and link philosophy with an iPod? An iPod can define an individual, the contents of a person determines the kind of things that the person likes as well as the information that is useful to their lives. Since philosophy is concerned with the social lives of people as well, it is ironic that most people would try to ev ade this important field yet it touches them in almost every angle. Most scholars have tried to link various current cultures with philosophy; computer science has however brought this even closer linking people with most philosophical issues such as graphical user interface. It is due to philosophy that a computer scientist is able to determine the type of service that people need. With the right study and understanding of people’

Killing Custer Book Review Essay Example for Free

Killing Custer Book Review Essay From time to time, a book of true historical significance is written on a subject that has been written on almost endlessly. The Battle of the Little Big Horn is one of the most written about, speculated on, celebrated, talked about, and glorified events in American History. Popularly known as Custers Last Stand, it has been the subject of many films, documentaries, novels, and was even re-enacted at every Wild West Show put on by Buffalo Bill Cody. In the work Killing Custer: The Battle of Little Bighorn and the Fate of the Plains Indians, Welch and Stekler do an excellent job in the subject matter at hand, and come to the correct conclusion that this battle, which was a huge military disaster for the United States, directly resulted in an even greater disaster for the Indian victors who won it: that is, total defeat and total subjugation. The first chapter sets up the massacre of the Blackfeet on the Marias River, James Welch and Paul Stekler have done a magnificent job in researching and putting forth, a new book on this subject that has been so written about. Citing much of the new discoveries, that is archeology, and the Indian accounts, Welch was originally contacted by Stekler to do a script for a documentary for PBS’s â€Å"American Experience: Last Stand at Little Bighorn†. They worked on it together, and that particular one hour documentary was excellent. Feeling that he hadn’t exhausted the subject, Welch delved more deeply into it, and wished to write a book on the subject. â€Å"Killing Custer† was the result, and it is quite excellent indeed. It is a stunning and thrilling read from cover to cover. The information is not wholly new, but Welch and Stekler combine all of the newest discoveries into one stirring volume, and they stress the narratives, which in the past were largely discarded and disclaimed, of the Indian accounts of the battle, after all, they were the ones who survived it! The authors rightly put the battle into its historical perspective, pointing out that this huge defeat of the United States Military led directly to the total subjugation and defeat of the Plains Indians, putting them on reservations once and for all, with the final defeat and insult at Wounded Knee, the massacre that was so unnecessary and so tragic.

Criminology Essays Public Corruption Police

Criminology Essays Public Corruption Police Public Corruption Police Public Corruption for Profit Police In America In Chapter 6, â€Å"Public Corruption for Profit†, Delattre (2006) addresses some very important aspects of law enforcement and the policing environment that not only make police more vulnerable to corruption but also to public scrutiny. The author begins the chapter with a description of incorruptibility, suggesting that it is an inherent attribute of the individual with good character who would never think of compromising his or her integrity for profit or for personal gain (p. 63). Delattre (2006) points to the clear connection between incorruptibility and the purposeful goal of acting in accordance with standards of excellence (p. 63-64). The public at large expects police officers to possess this attribute of incorruptibility as well as to manifest an observance of the highest standards of excellence, with anything less considered suspect and capable of putting their safety and their safety of their loved ones at risk. Delattre (2006) submits that police officers are unfairly held to not only a fair and higher standard but also to a double standard that often puts them in the difficult position of negative public scrutiny. The author submits that some police officers use this claim as consolation for the greater public scrutiny they receive compared other officials however he also suggest that the double standard can be reconciled as a necessary evil that should not negatively impact police behavior. For Delattre (2006), police officers must be educated on the difference between the imperative of living up to a higher standard than others and illegitimacy of unfair double standards, with an emphasis on the higher standard. Police officers operate in much closer proximity to the members of the communities that they serve than officials like politicians and lawmakers (p. 67). Delattre (2006) submits that this difference is sufficient reason for not only why the public will expect different behavior from police officers by will also respond to the behavior of police officers differently (p. 67). Although the author concedes that police corruption exists at disturbing levels, there are issues that police officers must face on a regular basis that can challenge the character of even the most noble and trustworthy of their ranks. The author suggests, for example, that police officers are vulnerable to the causes of corruption in the same way that many individuals in positions of authority and control are and offers three hypotheses on those causes. To support this contention, Delattre (2006) submits the society-at-large hypothesis, which has often been used to account for police corruption (p. 69). According to this hypothesis, the practice by public servants of receiving gifts or gratuities from all manner of individuals in society leads to larger gratuities or bribes that ultimately work to influence the receiver in the direction of serving the interests of the gift-giver(s). This hypothesis points to the public response to police officers who are regularly disparaged for their real or perceived habit of accepting gratuities from individuals and entities throughout the communities that they serve. Delattre (2006) underscores the influence of this hypothesis by reminding that the free cup of coffee is the symbol of the gratuity for police officers (p. 72). The author submits that the cause of corruption can also be attributed to the structural or affiliation hypothesis, which is somewhat similar to the society-at-large hypothesis, where the propensity for succumbing to corrupt behavior created or intensified by the influence of corrupt peers. In the case of the police officer, that influence will often be manifested on the rookie officer by older or senior officers who are already participating in corrupt activities (Delattre, 2006, p. 72-73). The rotten-apple hypothesis goes even further to identify what Delattre (2006) calls the roots of corruption, where ineffective police recruitment procedures allow one or more unscrupulous hires to enter the department and, in turn, influence others to participate in corrupt behaviors. Although police officers are vulnerable to negative influence, Delattre (2006) also points to the role of departmental supervision in supporting the integrity of the police force and its officers. Delattre (2006) examines three important hypotheses that can be used to explain corruption in general and among police officers specifically the society-at-large hypothesis, the structural or affiliation hypothesis and the rotten apple hypothesis. The society-at-large hypothesis points to the influential role that the public plays on the ethical behavior of police officers, especially when it comes to influencing police officers to serve the interests of specific groups or individuals. This has been identified in the research showing that the dominant culture in a community will often use gratuities to influence police officers to address their interests with regard to minorities in the community, which often translates to the serious ethical dilemma of racial profiling (Clayton, 2003, p. 1). The structural or affiliation hypothesis submitted by Delattre (2006) is supported by the fact that the propensity for growth in the number of corrupt individuals in a group, including a police department, will increase proportionate to the benefits that can be generated by corrupt behavior over law-abiding behavior (Ivkovic, 2005, p. 66). The research suggests that the rotten apple hypothesis is often used to draw attention away from the police department and the insufficiencies that contribute to police corruption. According to Callanan (2005), when the rotten apple hypothesis is used to frame police corruption in a particular institution, it works to avert any criticism of that institution, especially any question of its legitimacy (p. 64). At the same time, there is a significant body of literature arguing that it is just an inherent truth that some police officers are more likely than others to think and act in a corrupt way and that some of their peers will be influenced to corruption by their association (Ivkovic, 2005, p. 64). Delattre (2006) does not neglect to identify the role of departmental supervision in mitigating the propensity or vulnerability of police officers to corrupt behavior. Where the structural or affiliation hypothesis can be interpreted to involve the influence of the corrupt structure or affiliation, it can also be interpreted to involve the supportive departmental structure. The research supports the role of departmental supervision, demonstrating that it is instrumental to increasing police accountability and effective management within the police organization (Archbold, 2004, p. 2). The research shows that the character of the police officer is one of the most significant components of his or her ability to serve and protect with honesty and integrity. In the past, an evaluation of a potential recruit’s character included neighborhood checks, where as many as ten members of the community were questioned about his or her habits and temperament as well as through the distribution of questionnaires to past employers, schools, employers, military or draft and other official agencies (Bouza, 1972, p. 120). The purpose of this comprehensive investigation was to establish that the recruit met the standard of good character necessary for appointment to the police department (Bouza, 1972, p. 120). Delattre (2006) establishes that the appointment of individuals of good character to positions of law enforcement is just as imperative today. In fact, it is fair to suggest that the incidence of police corruption and the increasing dependence on law enforcement as part of national security makes the good character and the embrace of high standards of excellence even more vital. What is especially interesting about Delattre’s (2006) look at public corruption for profit in Chapter 6 is that it is easier to imagine that public officials are more likely to be corrupt than law enforcement officers and more corrupt than police officers specifically. Nevertheless, Delattre’s (2006) intent is to show that police officers are embodied, as much as public officials, within the â€Å"public† that is associated with public corruption. There is little to debate when it comes to the fact that corruption among police officers exists and in substantial numbers however this reality can be obscured by fact that the public expects integrity and trustworthiness as character traits in police officers. In terms of the double standard that Delattre (2006) addressed in this chapter, the preponderance of the research suggests that the phrase is more applicable to the practice of unscrupulous police officers perpetuating a double-standard that entails enforcing laws while breaking them than it is to a double standard that holds polices officers to a higher standard than other public servants (Waddington, 1998, p. 164). It is interesting to note that the research points to the fact that police officers are often found to be in collusion with public officials, which works to blur the distinctions supporting the claim of a double standard even further (Weiss, 2004, p. 227). One of the most compelling aspects of Chapter 6 is Delattre’s (2006) examination of gratuities and their impact on the real and perceived integrity of police officers. Among the reasons that this issue is so compelling is that it spans a variety of aspects in the policing environment, especially those that are most vulnerable to corruption. At the same time, it is one of the topics addressed by Delattre (2006) that has generated the most substantial body of research. The research suggests that some people will inevitably associate gratuities given to police officers with the goal supporting good police-community relations, especially when gratuities are the unequivocal expression of people’s gratitude for police services that are appropriately carried out according to law enforcement protocol (Kania, 2004, p. 54). According to once source that studied the opinions of police officers, gratuities are actually viewed as an entitlement of sorts, where gratuities offered voluntarily or without obligation are given in response to some service that was provided by the police officer (White, 2002, p. 20). More frequently however, the public is likely to look at gratuities as the purposeful attempt to influence police behavior, which is compounded by the fact that the public also expects the evidence of high standards of excellence in police officers. A paradox exists therefore by the fact that, as much as the public expects good character and incorruptibility among police officers, it is the public that is a substantial source of the gratuities directed at police officers. Coleman (2004) argues that this irony, translated as a conflict of interest, is nevertheless difficult to address by police officers (p. 33). Coleman (2004) points to the â€Å"slippery slope† to corruption identified by Delattre (2006), however he is even more emphatic that gratuities, whether a cup of coffee or a monetary bribe, are all corrupt and differ only by the degree of the corruption that is involved or might come out of that gratuity (Coleman, 2004, p. 34). Although it could be argued that there is a huge difference between the acceptance of a cup of coffee and â€Å"a six-figure bribe†, Coleman (2004) argues the opposite, even if that six-figure bribe is used to influence the police officer to look the other way during a robbery, an assault or even a murder (p. 34). Based on arguments like this, the researcher maintains that it is imperative that police officers say â€Å"No† to gratuities. There research however supports the notion that it is acceptable for police officers to accept gratuities. In fact, one source argues that gratuities are essential to supporting the relatively paltry wage paid to many police officers (Ruiz Bono, 2004, p. 50). One of the primary arguments is that gratuities work as building blocks of positive social relationships between police and members of the community (Coleman, 2004, p. 38). Unfortunately, these building blocks are inherently larger and more prolific in areas of the community where gratuities are more easily made, such as more affluent and predominantly white areas. Add to this the fact that a generous gratuity comes with the expectation of â€Å"a better than average service† from the officer in the future, and the prospects for corruption are increased exponentially (p. 38). Delattre (2006) does a sufficient job of demonstrating that police officers face significant challenges when it comes to avoiding the temptations that they will face both within and outside of the police department. The majority of the evidence suggests that police corruption for profit, as an unequivocal example of public corruption for profit, is more of a collective activity than it is an individual one. This assertion is supported by at least two of the causal hypotheses examined by Delattre (2006) and in the research. Gratuities, the most prolific temptation that police officers face in the line of duty, however underscores the fact that it comes down to the character and embrace of a high standard of excellence that make the difference between a police officer who is and will remain incorruptible and the police officer who will ultimately succumb to corruption. References Bouza, A. (1972). The policeman’s character investigation: Lowered standards or changing times? Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology Police Science, 63(1), 120-124. Callana, V. (2005). Feeding the fear of crime. New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing LLC. Clayton, B. (2003). The costs of community: Community policing, racial profiling, and civil society. Conference Papers-American Sociological Association; The 2003 Annual Meeting in Atlanta, GA, 1-21. Coleman, S. (2004). When police should say â€Å"No† to gratuities. Criminal Justice Ethics, 23(1), 33-44. Delattre, E. (2006). Character and cops: Ethics in policing. Washington: AEI Press. Ivkovic, S. (2005). Fallen blue knights: Controlling police corruption. New York: Oxford University Press. Kania, R. R. (2004). The ethical acceptability of gratuities: Still saying yes after all these years. Criminal Justice Ethics, 23(1), 54-60. Ruiz, J. Bono, C. (2004). At what price a freebie? The real cost of police gratuities. Criminal Justice Ethics, 23(1), 44-54. Waddington, P. A. (1998). Policing citizens: Authority and rights. New York: Routledge. Weiss, M. (2004). Public defenders: Pragmatic and political motivations to represent the indigent. New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing LLC. White, M. (2002). The problem with gratuities. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 71(7), 20-23.